FFmpeg

Audio and video processing from the command line. Convert formats, trim clips, extract streams, and encode media.

37 commands

Browse by Topic

Getting Started

Quick setup and installation

3commands

Convert

Format conversion

8commands

Audio

Audio processing

8commands

Video

Video processing

12commands

Streaming

Streaming & capture

6commands

Install FFmpeg (macOS)

$ brew install ffmpeg

Install FFmpeg using Homebrew on macOS

Install FFmpeg (Linux)

$ sudo apt install ffmpeg -y

Install FFmpeg using APT on Debian/Ubuntu Linux

Check FFmpeg version

$ ffmpeg -version

Verify FFmpeg is installed and display version info

Convert audio format

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 output.wav

Convert audio from one format to another

Convert video format

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 output.avi

Convert video from one format to another

Extract audio from video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vn -acodec copy output.aac

Extract audio track from video file

GIF to video

$ ffmpeg -i input.gif -movflags faststart -pix_fmt yuv420p output.mp4

Convert GIF to video

Images to video

$ ffmpeg -framerate 24 -i img%03d.png -c:v libx264 output.mp4

Create video from image sequence

Remove audio from video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -an -c:v copy output.mp4

Remove audio track from video

Video to GIF

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "fps=10,scale=320:-1" output.gif

Convert video to animated GIF

Video to images

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf fps=1 frame%04d.png

Extract frames from video (1 per second)

Change audio bitrate

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -b:a 192k output.mp3

Re-encode audio with specific bitrate

Convert to mono

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -ac 1 output.mp3

Convert stereo audio to mono

Change audio codec

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a aac output.mp4

Re-encode audio with different codec

Change sample rate

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -ar 44100 output.mp3

Change audio sample rate

Adjust volume

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -af "volume=1.5" output.mp3

Increase or decrease audio volume

Merge audio and video

$ ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i audio.mp3 -c:v copy -c:a aac output.mp4

Combine separate audio and video files

Normalize audio

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -af loudnorm output.mp3

Normalize audio levels

Replace audio track

$ ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i newaudio.mp3 -c:v copy -map 0:v:0 -map 1:a:0 output.mp4

Replace video's audio with new audio

Compress video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -crf 28 output.mp4

Compress video (higher CRF = smaller file)

Concatenate videos

$ ffmpeg -f concat -safe 0 -i list.txt -c copy output.mp4

Join multiple videos (needs list.txt)

Crop video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "crop=640:480:100:50" output.mp4

Crop video (width:height:x:y)

Change frame rate

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -r 30 output.mp4

Change video frame rate

Resize video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:720 output.mp4

Resize video to specific dimensions

Resize keeping aspect ratio

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:-1 output.mp4

Resize video keeping aspect ratio

Rotate video 90°

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "transpose=1" output.mp4

Rotate video 90° clockwise

Change speed

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "setpts=0.5*PTS" -af "atempo=2.0" output.mp4

Speed up video 2x (with audio)

Extract thumbnail

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 00:00:01 -vframes 1 thumbnail.jpg

Extract single frame as thumbnail

Trim video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 00:00:30 -to 00:01:30 -c copy output.mp4

Cut video from start to end time

Trim by duration

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 00:00:30 -t 60 -c copy output.mp4

Cut video from start time for duration

Add watermark

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i watermark.png -filter_complex "overlay=10:10" output.mp4

Add image watermark to video

Create DASH stream

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -codec: copy -f dash output.mpd

Convert video to DASH streaming format

Create HLS stream

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -codec: copy -start_number 0 -hls_time 10 -hls_list_size 0 -f hls output.m3u8

Convert video to HLS streaming format

Show file info

$ ffprobe -v quiet -print_format json -show_format -show_streams input.mp4

Show detailed media file information

Stream to RTMP

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v libx264 -f flv rtmp://server/live/stream

Stream video to RTMP server

Screen recording (Linux)

$ ffmpeg -f x11grab -s 1920x1080 -i :0.0 output.mp4

Record screen on Linux

Record from webcam

$ ffmpeg -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0 output.mp4

Record video from webcam (Linux)

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FFmpeg

Audio and video processing from the command line. Convert formats, trim clips, extract streams, and encode media.

37 commands

Browse by Topic

Getting Started

Quick setup and installation

3commands

Convert

Format conversion

8commands

Audio

Audio processing

8commands

Video

Video processing

12commands

Streaming

Streaming & capture

6commands

Install FFmpeg (macOS)

$ brew install ffmpeg

Install FFmpeg using Homebrew on macOS

Install FFmpeg (Linux)

$ sudo apt install ffmpeg -y

Install FFmpeg using APT on Debian/Ubuntu Linux

Check FFmpeg version

$ ffmpeg -version

Verify FFmpeg is installed and display version info

Convert audio format

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 output.wav

Convert audio from one format to another

Convert video format

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 output.avi

Convert video from one format to another

Extract audio from video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vn -acodec copy output.aac

Extract audio track from video file

GIF to video

$ ffmpeg -i input.gif -movflags faststart -pix_fmt yuv420p output.mp4

Convert GIF to video

Images to video

$ ffmpeg -framerate 24 -i img%03d.png -c:v libx264 output.mp4

Create video from image sequence

Remove audio from video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -an -c:v copy output.mp4

Remove audio track from video

Video to GIF

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "fps=10,scale=320:-1" output.gif

Convert video to animated GIF

Video to images

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf fps=1 frame%04d.png

Extract frames from video (1 per second)

Change audio bitrate

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -b:a 192k output.mp3

Re-encode audio with specific bitrate

Convert to mono

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -ac 1 output.mp3

Convert stereo audio to mono

Change audio codec

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v copy -c:a aac output.mp4

Re-encode audio with different codec

Change sample rate

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -ar 44100 output.mp3

Change audio sample rate

Adjust volume

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -af "volume=1.5" output.mp3

Increase or decrease audio volume

Merge audio and video

$ ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i audio.mp3 -c:v copy -c:a aac output.mp4

Combine separate audio and video files

Normalize audio

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -af loudnorm output.mp3

Normalize audio levels

Replace audio track

$ ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i newaudio.mp3 -c:v copy -map 0:v:0 -map 1:a:0 output.mp4

Replace video's audio with new audio

Compress video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vcodec libx264 -crf 28 output.mp4

Compress video (higher CRF = smaller file)

Concatenate videos

$ ffmpeg -f concat -safe 0 -i list.txt -c copy output.mp4

Join multiple videos (needs list.txt)

Crop video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "crop=640:480:100:50" output.mp4

Crop video (width:height:x:y)

Change frame rate

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -r 30 output.mp4

Change video frame rate

Resize video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:720 output.mp4

Resize video to specific dimensions

Resize keeping aspect ratio

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf scale=1280:-1 output.mp4

Resize video keeping aspect ratio

Rotate video 90°

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "transpose=1" output.mp4

Rotate video 90° clockwise

Change speed

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -vf "setpts=0.5*PTS" -af "atempo=2.0" output.mp4

Speed up video 2x (with audio)

Extract thumbnail

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 00:00:01 -vframes 1 thumbnail.jpg

Extract single frame as thumbnail

Trim video

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 00:00:30 -to 00:01:30 -c copy output.mp4

Cut video from start to end time

Trim by duration

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 00:00:30 -t 60 -c copy output.mp4

Cut video from start time for duration

Add watermark

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -i watermark.png -filter_complex "overlay=10:10" output.mp4

Add image watermark to video

Create DASH stream

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -codec: copy -f dash output.mpd

Convert video to DASH streaming format

Create HLS stream

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -codec: copy -start_number 0 -hls_time 10 -hls_list_size 0 -f hls output.m3u8

Convert video to HLS streaming format

Show file info

$ ffprobe -v quiet -print_format json -show_format -show_streams input.mp4

Show detailed media file information

Stream to RTMP

$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v libx264 -f flv rtmp://server/live/stream

Stream video to RTMP server

Screen recording (Linux)

$ ffmpeg -f x11grab -s 1920x1080 -i :0.0 output.mp4

Record screen on Linux

Record from webcam

$ ffmpeg -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0 output.mp4

Record video from webcam (Linux)

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